Understeer, oversteer.
Those who do sports driving by car are familiar words.
Which is better, understeer or oversteer this time? I will dig into that part.
Understeer and oversteer
Understeer refers to the condition in which the vehicle does not bend at the steering angle.
Oversteer is a condition in which the body turns more than the steering angle.
Understeer is the experience of running too fast on snowy or rainy days and jumping out of the road. It is rare to experience oversteering on a daily basis, but oversteering is the experience of getting inside the curve too fast.
What are the advantages and disadvantages?
The best thing about understeer is that it informs the driver of the danger. Understeer occurs when the front tires lose grip before the rear tires. This signal informs the driver that the tire has lost grip by making steering less effective.
Therefore, the driver can instantly understand that the speed is too high and release the accelerator pedal. Instinctively, the driver is about to jump out of the car and can cut more of the steering wheel or release his foot from the accelerator pedal. Since anybody can avoid understeer, many commercial vehicles are shipped with understeer set.
The advantage of oversteering is that you can turn with a small angle. The condition of oversteer is that the rear tire loses grip before the front tire. The body turns to the center of the cornering rather than the steering angle intended by the driver, so you can turn with a small steering angle.
However, if you understand the characteristic that the body turns more than the steering angle, there is little danger, but not everyone can avoid it. As with the method of avoiding understeer, when the foot is released from the accelerator, the front wheel grip rises further, so that it gets caught further inside.
Therefore, some cars that are over-steered with commercial vehicles are only sports cars that are expertly preferred.
Applying advantages and disadvantages to sports driving
The merits and demerits mentioned above are only for normal driving, and in sports driving such as circuits and gym kana, the transient characteristics have a different appearance. Next, I would like to explain only sports driving, but in sports driving, it is important how fast you can pass from the corner entrance to the exit.
It is also necessary to consider cornering in two parts.
“Entrance”
Approaching while decelerating to a corner
“Exit”
Escape from the corner while accelerating
If you do not consider understeer and oversteer by dividing these two, it will be difficult to understand.
The “entrance” understeer is simply expressed as a characteristic of a car that “does not want to turn.”
In order to suppress understeer, the grip of the front tire must be the same as the grip of the rear tire, so the driver simply has to slow down and cornering, so the driver has less time to step on the accelerator and consequently too fast I can’t run. The oversteer of “entrance” is a characteristic that the car is “bending too much” so that you can run through the corner without turning the steering too much, but the driver is always conscious of the movement beyond the steering operation and imagines the next behavior It is necessary to drive while.
The “exit” understeer is a state in which the car is returning to a straight line while accelerating, so the “don’t bend” characteristic also works effectively. The “exit” oversteer cannot open the accelerator even though the car is accelerating and cannot run too fast.
In this way, it is necessary to accurately determine whether understeer or oversteer has occurred at either the “entrance” or the “exit.” Without understanding this, understeer / oversteer is a completely different measure.
For the above reasons, it can generally be said that “entrance” is oversteer and “exit” is understeer are likely to be able to run fast.While the expression “highly possible” is ambiguous, depending on the skill and habit of the driver, There should be people.
Which is actually better
Which is better after all?
For example, it would be possible to aim for a single shot with an “entrance” oversteer and an “exit” understeer.
However, it is not suitable for endurance races and other activities that maintain concentration. Each time the driver enters the corner, he must concentrate on his behavior, which can lead to mistakes.
In addition, I did not touch it this time to make the story more complicated, but as the speed range rises at low, medium and high speed corners, the transient characteristics appear more clearly.
Ideally, the low-speed corner is oversteer and the high-speed corner is understeer, but it would be extremely difficult because it is a factor that conflicts with speed. Racing cars with good aerodynamics can reduce transient characteristics as the speed range increases with aerodynamic devices, but commercial cars do not.
Extreme operation definitely hate. As you can see, the car is based on the balance of the front and rear (left and right) tire grip, but the tire grip can be pulled out by driving techniques separately from the characteristics of the car body is.
Light understeer and light oversteer can be offset by driving.
For example, “entrance” understeer cars can be subjected to extreme braking to apply a lot of load to the front, speeding up the turning of the steering wheel to intentionally reduce the grip on the rear tires, and “entering” oversteer cars braking in a straight line When the direction starts to change, open the accelerator early to induce understeer.
Professional drivers and advanced users are unconsciously controlling the behavior of the car to stabilize it.
Understeer cars tend to oversteer, and oversteer cars tend to understeer. So it’s no mistake that understeer and oversteer are a matter of taste.
